Compare French Guiana (2004) - Maldives (2002)

Compare French Guiana (2004) z Maldives (2002)

	French Guiana (2004)	Maldives (2002)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas department of France)	19 atolls (atholhu, singular and plural) and 1 other first-order administrative division; Alifu, Baa, Dhaalu, Faafu, Gaafu Alifu, Gaafu Dhaalu, Gnaviyani, Haa Alifu, Haa Dhaalu, Kaafu, Laamu, Lhaviyani, Maale, Meemu, Noonu, Raa, Seenu, Shaviyani, Thaa, Vaavu
Age structure	0-14 years: 29.6% (male 28,959; female 27,657) 15-64 years: 64.5% (male 66,388; female 57,020) 65 years and over: 5.9% (male 5,736; female 5,549) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 45.3% (male 74,493; female 70,394) 15-64 years: 51.7% (male 84,548; female 81,092) 65 years and over: 3% (male 4,944; female 4,694) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	corn, rice, manioc (tapioca), sugar, cocoa, vegetables, bananas; cattle, pigs, poultry	coconuts, corn, sweet potatoes; fish
Airports	11 (2003 est.)	5 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 2 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)	total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2002)
Area	total: 91,000 sq km land: 89,150 sq km water: 1,850 sq km	total: 300 sq km land: 300 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Indiana	about 1.7 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	First settled by the French in 1604, French Guiana was the site of notorious penal settlements until 1951. The European Space Agency launches its communication satellites from Kourou.	The Maldives were long a sultanate, first under Dutch and then under British protection. They became a republic in 1968, three years after independence. Tourism and fishing are being developed on the archipelago.
Birth rate	21 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	37.41 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $225 million expenditures: $390 million, including capital expenditures of $105 million (1996)	revenues: $166 million (excluding foreign grants) expenditures: $192 million, including capital expenditures of $80 million
Capital	Cayenne	Male
Climate	tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation	tropical; hot, humid; dry, northeast monsoon (November to March); rainy, southwest monsoon (June to August)
Coastline	378 km	644 km
Constitution	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)	adopted January 1998
Country name	conventional long form: Department of Guiana conventional short form: French Guiana local long form: none local short form: Guyane	conventional long form: Republic of Maldives conventional short form: Maldives local long form: Dhivehi Raajjeyge Jumhooriyyaa local short form: Dhivehi Raajje
Currency	euro (EUR)	rufiyaa (MVR)
Death rate	4.82 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	7.86 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$1.2 billion (1988)	$237 million (2000 est.)
Dependency status	overseas department of France	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas department of France)	the US does not have an embassy in Maldives; the US Ambassador to Sri Lanka is accredited to Maldives and makes periodic visits there
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas department of France)	Maldives does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a Permanent Mission to the UN in New York; permanent representative is Dr. Mohamed LATHEEF
Disputes - international	Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa)	none
Economic aid - recipient	NA (1995)	$NA
Economy - overview	The economy is tied closely to the larger French economy through subsidies and imports. Besides the French space center at Kourou (which accounts for 25% of GDP), fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities. Forest and woodland cover 90% of the country. The large reserves of tropical hardwoods, not fully exploited, support an expanding sawmill industry that provides sawn logs for export. Cultivation of crops is limited to the coastal area, where the population is largely concentrated; rice and manioc are the major crops. French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy. Unemployment is a serious problem, particularly among younger workers.	Tourism, Maldives largest industry, accounts for 20% of GDP and more than 60% of the Maldives' foreign exchange receipts. Over 90% of government tax revenue comes from import duties and tourism-related taxes. Almost 400,000 tourists visited the islands in 1998. Fishing is a second leading sector. The Maldivian Government began an economic reform program in 1989 initially by lifting import quotas and opening some exports to the private sector. Subsequently, it has liberalized regulations to allow more foreign investment. Agriculture and manufacturing continue to play a minor role in the economy, constrained by the limited availability of cultivable land and the shortage of domestic labor. Most staple foods must be imported. Industry, which consists mainly of garment production, boat building, and handicrafts, accounts for about 18% of GDP. Maldivian authorities worry about the impact of erosion and possible global warming on their low-lying country; 80% of the area is one meter or less above sea level.
Electricity - consumption	423.2 million kWh (2001)	102.3 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	455 million kWh (2001)	110 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Bellevue de l'Inini 851 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Wilingili island in the Addu Atoll 2.4 m
Environment - current issues	NA	depletion of freshwater aquifers threatens water supplies; global warming and sea level rise; coral reef bleaching
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	black or mulatto 66%, white 12%, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian 12%, other 10%	South Indians, Sinhalese, Arabs
Exchange rates	Euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999)	rufiyaa per US dollar - 11.770 (fixed rate since 1995)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Ange MANCINI (since 31 July 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Joseph HO-TEN-YOU (since 26 March 2001); President of the Regional Council Antoine KARAM (since 22 March 1992) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; presidents of the General and Regional Councils are appointed by the members of those councils	chief of state: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM (since 11 November 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM (since 11 November 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president; note - need not be members of Majlis elections: president nominated by the Majlis and then that nomination must be ratified by a national referendum (at least a 51% approval margin is required); president elected for a five-year term; election last held 16 October 1998 (next to be held NA October 2003) election results: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM reelected; percent of popular vote - Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM 90.9%
Exports	NA (2001)	$88 million f.o.b. (2000 est.)
Exports - commodities	shrimp, timber, gold, rum, rosewood essence, clothing	fish, clothing
Exports - partners	France 62%, Switzerland 7%, US 2% (2001)	US, UK, Sri Lanka, Japan
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	the flag of France is used	red with a large green rectangle in the center bearing a vertical white crescent; the closed side of the crescent is on the hoist side of the flag
GDP	purchasing power parity - $1.551 billion (2003 est.)	purchasing power parity - $1.2 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA (2001 est.)	agriculture: 20% industry: 18% services: 62% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $8,300 (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $3,870 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA	7% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	4 00 N, 53 00 W	3 15 N, 73 00 E
Geography - note	mostly an unsettled wilderness; the only non-independent portion of the South American continent	1,190 coral islands grouped into 26 atolls (200 inhabited islands, plus 80 islands with tourist resorts); archipelago with strategic location astride and along major sea lanes in Indian Ocean
Highways	total: 722 km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (1996)	total: NA km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km; note - Male has 9.6 km of coral highways within the city (1988 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	small amount of marijuana grown for local consumption; minor transshipment point to Europe	-
Imports	NA (2001)	$372 million f.o.b. (2000 est.)
Imports - commodities	food (grains, processed meat), machinery and transport equipment, fuels and chemicals	consumer goods, intermediate and capital goods, petroleum products
Imports - partners	France 63%, US, Trinidad and Tobago, Italy (2002 est.)	Singapore, India, Sri Lanka, Japan, Canada
Independence	none (overseas department of France)	26 July 1965 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA	4.4% (1996 est.)
Industries	construction, shrimp processing, forestry products, rum, gold mining	fish processing, tourism, shipping, boat building, coconut processing, garments, woven mats, rope, handicrafts, coral and sand mining
Infant mortality rate	total: 12.46 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 11.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	61.93 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.5% (2002 est.)	3% (2000 est.)
International organization participation	UPU, WCL, WFTU	AsDB, C, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, SAARC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	20 sq km (1998 est.)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel (highest local court based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Martinique, Guadeloupe, and French Guiana)	High Court
Labor force	58,800 (1997)	67,000 (1995) (1995)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 18.2%, industry 21.2%, services, government, and commerce 60.6% (1980)	agriculture 22%, industry 18%, services 60% (1995) (1995)
Land boundaries	total: 1,183 km border countries: Brazil 673 km, Suriname 510 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0.14% permanent crops: 0.05% other: 99.81% (90% forest, 10% other) (2001)	arable land: 3.33% permanent crops: 6.67% other: 90% (1998 est.)
Languages	French	Maldivian Dhivehi (dialect of Sinhala, script derived from Arabic), English spoken by most government officials
Legal system	French legal system	based on Islamic law with admixtures of English common law primarily in commercial matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council or Conseil Regional (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PSG 5, various left-wing parties 5, independents 7, other 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - PS 28.28%, various left parties 22.56%, RPR 15.91%, independents 8.6%, Walwari Committee 6%; seats by party - PS 11, various left parties 9, RPR 6, independents 3, Walwari Committee 2 note: one seat was elected to the French Senate on 27 September 1998 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; 2 seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP/RPR 1, Walwari Committee 1	unicameral People's Council or Majlis (50 seats; 42 elected by popular vote, 8 appointed by the president; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held 20 November 1999 (next to be held NA November 2004) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 42
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 76.89 years male: 73.57 years female: 80.38 years (2004 est.)	total population: 62.93 years male: 61.72 years female: 64.2 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 83% male: 84% female: 82% (1982 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 93.2% male: 93.3% female: 93% (1995 est.)
Location	Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname	Southern Asia, group of atolls in the Indian Ocean, south-southwest of India
Map references	South America	Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines contiguous zone: 24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	-	total: 14 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 51,532 GRT/71,298 DWT ships by type: cargo 13, short-sea passenger 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	-
Military branches	no regular military forces; Gendarmerie	National Security Service
Military expenditures - dollar figure	NA	$34.5 million (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	8.6% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 52,294 (2004 est.)	males age 15-49: 74,893 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 33,914 (2004 est.)	males age 15-49: 41,672 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Independence Day, 26 July (1965)
Nationality	noun: French Guianese (singular and plural) adjective: French Guianese	noun: Maldivian(s) adjective: Maldivian
Natural hazards	high frequency of heavy showers and severe thunderstorms; flooding	low level of islands makes them very sensitive to sea level rise
Natural resources	bauxite, timber, gold (widely scattered), petroleum, kaolin, fish, niobium, tantalum, clay	fish
Net migration rate	6.27 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Guyanese Democratic Action or ADG [Andre LECANTE]; Guyanese Socialist Party or PSG [Marie-Claude VERDAN]; Guyana Democratic Forces or FDG [Georges OTHILY]; Popular National Guyanese Party or PNPG [Jose DORCY]; Socialist Party or PS [Paul DEBRIETTE]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP [Muriel ICARE]; Walwari Committee (aligned with the PRG in France) [Christine TAUBIRA-DELANON]	although political parties are not banned, none exist
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	none
Population	191,309 (July 2004 est.)	320,165 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	NA%
Population growth rate	2.25% (2004 est.)	2.95% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Cayenne, Degrad des Cannes, Saint-Laurent du Maroni	Gan, Male
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 14 (including 6 repeaters), shortwave 6 (including 5 repeaters) (1998)	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios	-	35,000 (1999)
Railways	-	0 km
Religions	Roman Catholic	Sunni Muslim
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.16 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.03 male(s)/female total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.05 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	21 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: fair open-wire and microwave radio relay system international: country code - 594; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: minimal domestic and international facilities domestic: interatoll communication through microwave links; all inhabited islands are connected with telephone and fax service international: satellite earth station - 3 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	51,000 (2001)	21,000 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular	138,200 (2002)	1,290 (1997)
Television broadcast stations	3 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997)	1 (1997)
Terrain	low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains	flat, with white sandy beaches
Total fertility rate	3.05 children born/woman (2004 est.)	5.38 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	22% (2001)	NEGL%
Waterways	3,760 km note: 460 km navigable by small oceangoing vessels and coastal and river steamers, 3,300 km by native craft (2004)	none

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